Habsburg Ottoman Empires

3 Credits · Level: Graduate

By 1914 critics of both the Habsburg and Ottoman Empires were calling them the "sick men of Europe". Yet, since the mid-eighteenth century Europe's two oldest imperial states were actively dealing with the challenges of modernity. This course examines how these multi-national states remained viable in a context of nation-states and what that says about the nature of political, social, and cultural modernization.