The Origins of Civilization: A Cross-Cultural Perspective

3 Credits.

One of the most significant transformations in human history was the “urban revolution” in which cities, writing, kingdoms, and social classes formed for the first time. In this course, we compare five areas where this development occurred: China, Mesopotamia, the Indus Valley, Egypt, and Mesoamerica (Mexico/Guatemala/Honduras/Belize). In each region, we review the archaeological and textual evidence and consider how and why these complex societies emerged – and, often, failed. We will also consider the concept of “civilization” and how it has been used (and abused) in the contemporary world.