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MATH 4213

Reading and Research in Mathematics

0.5 credits · Undergraduate

Winter 2025

Topics

  • – Physics in the curved spacetime
  • – Einstein’s equations
  • – The cosmological constant
  • – Energy conditions
  • – The equivalence principle
  • – Alternative theories
  • – The Schwarzschild solution
  • – Schwarzschild metric
  • – Birkhoff’s theorem
  • – Singularities
  • – Geodesics of Schwarzschild
  • – Schwarzschild black holes
  • – Stars and black holes
  • – The black hole zoo
  • – Event horizons
  • – Mass, charge, and spin
  • – Charged black holes
  • – Rotating black holes
  • – Penrose process
  • – Black hole thermodynamics
Sources