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10.37

Chemical Kinetics and Reactor Design

3-0-9 units · Undergraduate

Applies the concepts of reaction rate, stoichiometry and equilibrium to the analysis of chemical and biological reacting systems. Derivation of rate expressions from reaction mechanisms and equilibrium or steady state assumptions. Design of chemical and biochemical reactors via synthesis of chemical kinetics, transport phenomena, and mass and energy balances. Topics: chemical/biochemical pathways; enzymatic, pathway and cell growth kinetics; batch, plug flow and well-stirred reactors for chemical reactions and cultivations of microorganisms and mammalian cells; heterogeneous and enzymatic catalysis; heat and mass transport in reactors, including diffusion to and within catalyst particles and cells or immoblized enzymes.

Spring 2007 · Chemical and Biological Reaction Engineering

This course applies the concepts of reaction rate, stoichiometry and equilibrium to the analysis of chemical and biological reacting systems, derivation of rate expressions from reaction mechanisms and equilibrium or steady state assumptions, design of chemical and biochemical reactors via synthesis of chemical kinetics, transport phenomena, and mass and energy balances. Topics covered include: chemical/biochemical pathways; enzymatic, pathway, and cell growth kinetics; batch, plug flow and well-stirred reactors for chemical reactions and cultivations of microorganisms and mammalian cells; heterogeneous and enzymatic catalysis; heat and mass transport in reactors, including diffusion to and within catalyst particles and cells or immobilized enzymes.

Readings

  • Fogler, H. S. Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering . 4th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall PTR, 2006. ISBN: 9780130473943.
    Required
  • There will also be reading from the manuscript of the forthcoming textbook Biological Kinetics by K. Dane Wittrup and Bruce Tidor.
    Required
  • Levenspiel, O. Chemical Reaction Engineering . 3rd ed. New York, NY: Wiley, 1999. ISBN: 9780471254249.
    Recommended
  • Smith, J. Chemical Engineering Kinetics . 3rd ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 1981. ISBN: 9780070587106.
    Recommended
  • Steinfeld, J. I., J. S. Francisco, and W. L. Hase. Chemical Kinetics and Dynamics . 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1999. ISBN: 9780137371235.
    Recommended
  • Bailey, J. E., and D. F. Ollis. Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals . 2nd ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 1986. ISBN: 9780070032125.
    Recommended
  • Stephanopoulos, G., A. Aristidou, and J. Nielsen. Metabolic Engineering: Principles and Methodologies . San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 1998. ISBN: 9780126662603.
    Recommended
  • SES #: L2 · TOPICS: The reaction rate and reaction mechanisms: Definition in terms of reacting compounds and reaction extent; rate laws, Arrhenius equation, elementary, reversible, non-elementary, catalytic reactions. (WHG) · READINGS: Fogler, sections 1.0-1.4.1 and 3.0-3.5.
    Reading assignment
  • “Enzyme Kinetics.” Chapter 6 in Biological Kinetics .
    Listed reading
  • SES #: L4 · TOPICS: Kinetics of cell growth and enzymes. Cell growth kinetics; substrate uptake and product formation in microbial growth; enzyme kinetics, Michaelis-Menten rate form. (KDW) · READINGS: Fogler, section 7.1.
    Reading assignment
  • SES #: L5 · TOPICS: Continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). Reactions in a perfectly stirred tank. Steady-state CSTR. (KDW) · READINGS: Fogler, sections 1.4.1, 2.1, 2.3.1, 2.4, 2.5, 4.1, and 4.2.1.
    Reading assignment
  • SES #: L6 · TOPICS: Concentration that optimizes desired rate. Selectivity vs. Conversion. Combining reactors with separations. (WHG) · READINGS: Fogler, sections 6.0-6.4 and 6.6.
    Reading assignment
  • SES #: L7 · TOPICS: Batch reactor: Equations, reactor sizing for constant volume and variable volume processes. (KDW) · READINGS: Fogler, sections 1.2, 1.3, 1.5, 2.1, 2.2, 4.1, and 4.2.1.
    Reading assignment
  • SES #: L8 · TOPICS: The plug flow reactor. (WHG) · READINGS: Fogler, sections 1.4.2, 1.4.3, 2.1, 2.2.2, 2.3 (PFR), 2.4 (PFR), 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.4, 3.5, 4.3, and 4.4.
    Reading assignment
  • SES #: L9 · TOPICS: Reactor size comparisons for PFR and CSTR. Reactors in series and in parallel. How choice of reactor affects selectivity vs. conversion. (KDW) · READINGS: Fogler, sections 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, and 4.7.
    Reading assignment
  • SES #: L10 · TOPICS: Non-ideal reactor mixing patterns. Residence time distribution. Tanks in series model. Combinations of ideal reactors. (KDW) · READINGS: Fogler, sections 13.1-13.4, 14.2, and 14.7.
    Reading assignment
  • SES #: L11 · TOPICS: Non isothermal reactors. Equilibrium limitations, stability. Derivation of energy balances for ideal reactors; equilibrium conversion, adiabatic and nonadiabatic reactor operation. (WHG) · READINGS: Fogler, sections 8.0-8.8.
    Reading assignment
  • Fogler, chapter 5.
    Listed reading
  • “Theory and Practice of Biomolecular Measurements.” Chapter 4 in Biological Kinetics .
    Listed reading
  • “Cell Growth and Death.” Chapter 7 in Biological Kinetics .
    Listed reading
  • SES #: L14 · TOPICS: Kinetics of non-covalent bimolecular interactions. Significance; typical values and diffusion limit; approach to equilibrium; multivalency. (KDW) · READINGS: “Noncovalent Binding Interactions.” Chapter 2 in Biological Kinetics .
    Reading assignment
  • SES #: L15 · TOPICS: Gene expression and trafficking dynamics. Approach to steady state; receptor trafficking. (KDW) · READINGS: “Binding Equilibria and Kinetics.” Chapter 3 in Biological Kinetics .
    Reading assignment
  • SES #: L16 · TOPICS: Catalysis. Inorganic and enzyme catalysts and their properties; kinetics of heterogeneous catalytic reactions; adsorption isotherms, derivation of rate laws; Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetics. (WHG) · READINGS: Fogler, sections 10.1, 10.2, and 10.3.
    Reading assignment
  • SES #: L17 · TOPICS: Mass transfer resistances. External diffusion effects. Non-porous packed beds and monoliths, immobilized cells. (WHG) · READINGS: Fogler, sections 11.1, 11.2, and 11.3.
    Reading assignment
  • SES #: L18 · TOPICS: External mass-transfer resistance: Gas-liquid reactions in multiphase systems. (KDW) · READINGS: Fogler, section 11.3.
    Reading assignment
  • SES #: L20 · TOPICS: Reaction and diffusion in porous catalysts. Effective diffusivity, internal and overall effectiveness factor, Thiele modulus, apparent reaction rates. (KDW) · READINGS: Fogler, sections 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, and 12.5.
    Reading assignment
  • SES #: L21 · TOPICS: Reaction and diffusion in porous catalysts (cont.). Packed Bed Reactors. (WHG) · READINGS: Fogler, sections 12.5 and 12.6.
    Reading assignment
  • SES #: L22 · TOPICS: Combined internal and external transport resistances. (WHG) · READINGS: Fogler, sections 8.9 and 12.7.
    Reading assignment

Prerequisites & course information

Prereq: 10.213 and 10.302 U (Spring) 3-0-9 units

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