The Linguistic Study of Bilingualism
Development of bilingualism in human history (from Australopithecus to present day). Focuses on linguistic aspects of bilingualism; models of bilingualism and language acquisition; competence versus performance; effects of bilingualism on other domains of human cognition; brain imaging studies; early versus late bilingualism; opportunities to observe and conduct original research; and implications for educational policies among others. Students participate in six online web meetings with partner institutions. Taught in English. Enrollment limited.
Fall 2024
One mind, two languages. The basic focus of this class will be on the linguistic and psycholinguistic underpinnings of the bilingual brain, seeking to understand what it means to “acquire” a new language. How did we learn our first language(s)? Were we taught English? Japanese? Chinese? Spanish? If so, how did we do it so quickly or so slowly? Is the learning of a new target language different from the learning of a first language? Is there a critical period for language learning? To answer these questions, we will consider topics including different models of bilingualism, how it is possible to make grammaticality judgments about code-switches, how bilingualism affects other domains of human cognition, and what imaging studies of the human brain tell us about the bilingual/multilingual brain.
Readings
- Paradis, Johanne, Fred Genesee, and Martha B. Crago (2011). “Code-Mixing in Bilingual Development” in Dual Language Development and Disorders: A Handbook on Bilingualism and Second Language Learning . Paul H. Brookes Publishing.
Fall 2012 · Linguistic Studies of Bilingualism
Topics
- Introduction
- Definitions, guiding principles and assumptions
- The bilingual and bilingual processing
- Grammar of code-switching
- The bilingual brain
- Sociolinguistic dimensions of bilingualism
- Cognitive benefits, bilingual education, language policies
- Class presentations
Readings
- [BR] = Wei, Li, ed. The Bilingualism Reader . 2nd ed. Routledge, 2007. ISBN: 9780415355551.
- ———. “Knowledge of Language as a Focus of Inquiry.” Chapter 1 in Knowledge of Language: Its Nature, Origin, and Use . Praeger, 1986. ISBN: 9780275917616.
- [BR] Volterra, Virginia, and Traute Taeschner. Chapter 13: The acquisition and development of language by bilingual children.
- [BR] Genesee, Fred. Chapter 14: Early bilingual language development: one language or two?
- [BR] Meisel, Jürgen M. Chapter 15: Code-switching in young bilingual children: the acquisition of grammatical constraints.
- [BR] Green, David W. Chapter 16: Control, activation, and resource: a framework and model for the control of speech in bilinguals.
- [BR] Grosjean, François. Chapter 19: The bilingual’s language modes.
- [BR] Kroll, Judith F., and Annette M. B. de Groot. Chapter 18: Lexical and conceptual memory in the bilingual: Mapping form to meaning in two languages.
- [BR] Poplack, Shana. Chapter 10: Sometimes I’ll start a sentence in Spanish y termino en español: toward a typology of code-switching.
- [BR] Myers-Scotton, Carol, and Janice L. Jake. Chapter 11: Matching lemmas in a bilingual language competence and production model: evidence from intrasentential code-switching.
- [BR] Muysken, Pieter. Chapter 12: Code-switching and grammatical theory.
- [BR] Obler, Loraine K., Robert J. Zatorre, et al. Chapter 20: Cerebral lateralization in bilinguals: methodological issues.
- [BR] Paradis, Michel. Chapter 21: Language lateralization in bilinguals: enough already!
- [BR] Abutalebi, Jubin, Stefano F. Cappa, and Daniela Perani. Chapter 22: The bilingual brain as revealed by functional neuroimaging.
- [BR] Ferguson, Charles A. Chapter 1: Diglossia.
- [BR] Fishman, Joshua A. Chapter 2: Bilingualism with and without diglossia; diglossia with and without bilingualism.
- [BR] ———. Chapter 3: Who speaks what language to whom and when?
- [BR] Blom, Jan-Petter, and John J. Gumperz. Chapter 4: Social meaning in linguistic structure: code-switching in Norway.
- [BR] Auer, Peter. Chapter 6: The pragmatics of code-switching: a sequential approach.
- [BR] Heller, Monica. Chapter 8: Code-switching and the politics of language.
- Mohanty, Ajit. “Multilingualism Education in India.” Chapter 12 in Bilingual Education: Encyclopedia of Language and Education . Edited by Nancy H. Hornberger. Vol. 5. Edited by Jim Cummins and Nancy H. Hornberger. Springer, 2010. ISBN: 9789048193127.
- Ochs, Elinor, and Bambi Schieffelin. “Language Socialization: An Overview.” Chapter 1 in Language Socialization: Encyclopedia of Language and Education . Edited by Nancy H. Hornberger. Vol. 8. Edited by Patricia A. Duff and Nancy H. Hornberger. Springer, 2010. ISBN: 9789048194667.
- Skutnabb-Kangas, Tove. “Language Rights and Bilingual Education.” Chapter 9 in Bilingual Education: Encyclopedia of Language and Education . Edited by Nancy H. Hornberger. Vol. 5. Edited by Jim Cummins and Nancy H. Hornberger. Springer, 2010. ISBN: 9789048193127.
- The textbook for this course is:
- Wei, Li, ed. The Bilingualism Reader . 2nd ed. Routledge, 2007. ISBN: 9780415355551.
Prerequisites & course information
Same subject as 21G.024[J] Prereq: 24.900 , 24.9000 , or permission of instructor U (Fall) 3-0-9 units. HASS-S; CI-H
Sources
- Course catalogue ↗2026–2027
- MIT OpenCourseWare ↗Fall 2024
- MIT OCW calendar ↗
- MIT OCW readings ↗
- MIT OCW syllabus ↗
- MIT OpenCourseWare ↗Fall 2012
- MIT OCW calendar ↗
- MIT OCW readings ↗
- MIT OCW syllabus ↗
- Historical MIT OpenCourseWare offering. Named reading entries and schedule topics are automatically extracted from the linked source pages.
- Historical MIT OpenCourseWare offering. Named reading entries and schedule topics are automatically extracted from the linked source pages.