Geometrical Optics

4.0 credits

Introduction to geometrical optics: refractive index, optical path, Fermat’s principle, Snell’s law, paraxial and real ray tracing, marginal and chief rays, Gaussian optics, cardinal points, magnification, Lagrange invariant, numerical aperture, aperture stop, field stop, entrance and exit pupils, telecentricity, vignetting. First order layout of optical systems: the eye, magnifiers, eyepieces, telescopes, microscopes, and camera objectives. Prisms and plane mirrors. Introduction to aberration theory: first order chromatic aberrations, 3rd order monochromatic aberrations.