Iconoclam and Iconophobia: Treat of the Image

The proscription of representational images in Jewish, Christian, and Islamic ideologies, and resulting iconic modes of expression (signs, symbols, architectural forms) at various times in the first millennium; the avoidance or removal of images, and motivations for and the effect of the art which it produces (Byzantine "iconoclasm"; Islamic avoidance; Protestantism; the French Revolution; the Jesse Helms syndrome). (May be taken at 100 level with consent)