Shadow Economies and Global Politics

5 credits

Examines the structure and expansion of global shadow economies, including protection rackets, illicit networks, scam operations, and corruption. Investigates how these systems exploit cross-border trade, supply chains, digital marketplaces, and governance gaps. Analyzes how they disproportionately burden marginalized communities, reinforce racialized and gendered inequalities, and deepen global disparities in wealth and power.